流感病毒是現今可以致命的呼吸道病毒，機體的殺傷細胞NK在抵抗流感病毒中發揮著非常重要的作用。NKp46受體是由NK細胞產生用于防止病毒感染的。當細胞被感染的時候，病毒產生的血凝集素蛋白會被NKp46所識別，然后NKp46結合NK細胞的NKp46受體，進而激活免疫，并清除受感染的細胞，從而消滅病毒。

在該研究中，研究人員通過體內和體外兩個方面揭示了流感病毒神經氨酸酶介導的免疫逃逸機制。同時也證明了用于流感病毒感染治療的NA抑制劑可以抑制病毒的繁殖，同時促進NKp46對于病毒的識別，進而加強免疫。

Neuraminidase-Mediated, NKp46-Dependent Immune-Evasion Mechanism of Influenza Viruses

Yotam Bar-On,Ariella Glasner,Tal Meningher,Hagit Achdout,Chamutal Gur,Dikla Lankry,Alon Vitenshtein,Adrienne F.A. Meyers,Michal Mandelboim,Ofer Mandelboim

Natural killer （NK） cells play an essential role in the defense against influenza virus, one of the deadliest respiratory viruses known today. The NKp46 receptor, expressed by NK cells, is critical for controlling influenza infections, as influenza-virus-infected cells are eliminated through the recognition of the viral hemagglutinin （HA） protein by NKp46. Here, we describe an immune-evasion mechanism of influenza viruses that is mediated by the neuraminidase （NA） protein. By using various NA blockers, we show that NA removes sialic acid residues from NKp46 and that this leads to reduced recognition of HA